Birth to One Year:
| Hearing and Understanding |
Talking |
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Birth-3 Months
- Startles to loud sounds
- Quiets or smiles when spoken to
- Seems to recognize your voice and quiets if crying
- Increases or decreases sucking behavior in response to sound
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Birth-3 Months
- Makes pleasure sounds (cooing, gooing)
- Cries differently for different needs
- Smiles when sees you
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4-6 Months
- Moves eyes in direction of sounds
- Responds to changes in tone of your voice
- Notices toys that make sounds
- Pays attention to music
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4-6 Months
- Babbling sounds more speech-like with many different sounds, including p, b and m
- Chuckles and laughs
- Vocalizes excitement and displeasure
- Makes gurgling sounds when left alone and when playing with you
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7 Months-1 Year
- Enjoys games like peek-a-boo and pat-a-cake
- Turns and looks in direction of sounds
- Listens when spoken to
- Recognizes words for common items like “cup”, “shoe”, “book”, or “juice”
- Begins to respond to requests (e.g. “Come here” or “Want more?”)
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7 Months-1 Year
- Babbling has both long and short groups of sounds such as “tata upup bibibibi”
- Uses speech or noncrying sounds to get and keep attention
- Uses gestures to communication (waving, holding arms to be picked up)
- Imitates different speech sounds
- Has one or two words (hi, dog,dada, mama) around first birthday, although sounds may not be clear
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One to Two Years:
| Hearing and Understanding |
Talking |
- Points to a few body parts when asked.
- Follows simple commands and understands simple questions (“Roll the ball,” “Kiss the baby,” “Where’s your shoe?”).
- Listens to simple stories, songs, and rhymes.
- Points to pictures in a book when named.
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- Says more words every month.
- Uses some one- or two- word questions (“Where kitty?” “Go bye-bye?” “What’s that?”).
- Puts two words together (“more cookie,” “no juice,” “mommy book”).
- Uses many different consonant sounds at the beginning of words.
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Two to Three Years:
| Hearing and Understanding |
Talking |
- Understands differences in meaning (“go-stop,” “in-on,” “big-little,” “up-down”).
- Follows two requests (“Get the book and put it on the table”).
- Listens to and enjoys hearing stories for longer periods of time
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- Has a word for almost everything.
- Uses two- or three- words to talk about and ask for things.
- Uses k, g, f, t, d, and n sounds.
- Speech is understood by familiar listeners most of the time.
- Often asks for or directs attention to objects by naming them.
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Three to Four Years:
| Hearing and Understanding |
Talking |
- Hears you when you call from another room.
- Hears television or radio at the same loudness level as other family members.
- Answers simple “who?”, “what?”, “where?”, and “why?” questions.
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- Talks about activities at school or at friends’ homes.
- People outside of the family usually understand child’s speech.
- Uses a lot of sentences that have 4 or more words.
- Usually talks easily without repeating syllables or words.
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Four to Five Years:
| Hearing and Understanding |
Talking |
- Pays attention to a short story and answers simple questions about them.
- Hears and understands most of what is said at home and in school.
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- Uses sentences that give lots of details (“The biggest peach is mine”).
- Tells stories that stick to topic.
- Communicates easily with other children and adults.
- Says most sounds correctly except a few like l, s, r, v, z, ch, sh, th.
- Says rhyming words.
- Names some letters and numbers.
- Uses the same grammar as the rest of the family.
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Source: www.asha.org “How Does Your Child Hear and Talk?”
